A distinct type of earthquake has been discovered in British Columbia, Canada. It is different from conventional and induced earthquakes—human-created—but it has similarities to both, as if it were a combination of the two.
The new earthquake is similar to the conventional ones in the intensity that it can reach, but like the induced one, it has the help of the human being to occur. Its origin is in hydraulic fractures, which consist of a technique for extracting gas and oil, according to a study published in Nature Communications.
The researchers performed measurements on eight seismics installed around an injection well. The study was led by Rebecca Harrington, professor of geology, and Hongyu Yu, PhD in Geophysics. In total, 350 earthquakes were analyzed, and 10% were found to have unique aspects.
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According to the study, the main difference is in the slower and more prolonged development of these events, processes similar to those existing in volcanic areas. Given these characteristics, the researchers decided to name the discovery as earthquakes in the form of a hybrid frequency wave (EHW).
In comparison, while a natural 1.5-magnitude earthquake subsides after seven seconds, an EHW of the same intensity can continue to tremble for more than ten seconds.
“If we understand at what point the subsurface reacts to the hydraulic fracturing process with movements that do not result in an earthquake, ideally we could use this information to adjust the injection procedure”, reported Professor Rebecca Harrington, according to information from the website Olhar Digital.
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