The Peace Summit for Ukraine held in Switzerland ended this Sunday with a diplomatic triumph for the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, who managed to ensure that support for his cause was not only European, but global, despite some discrepancies.
According to the criteria of
Together with the leaders of the EU and NATO, Zelensky’s usual allies in large meetings, on this occasion There were also presidents and heads of state of Latin American, African and Asian countries, something that the Ukrainian leader wanted to show that the war against Russia is not just a continental problem.
“We have had the participation of presidents and representatives at different levels from 101 countries and organizations, it is a success, and Russia did everything it could to prevent some from coming, but I thank them for showing their independence,” said the Ukrainian president. in the press conference he gave at the end of the summit.
Russia did everything it could to stop some from coming, but I thank them for showing their independence
At the meeting of leaders, one of the largest in recent decades on an extraordinary basis (outside of periodic annual meetings such as those of the G20 or the United Nations Assembly) It sought to discuss the effects of the Ukrainian war for the rest of the world, even in geographically distant regions.
It was for this reason that The leaders were distributed this Sunday at different tables that discussed nuclear security and food insecurity that situations such as the blockade of the Black Sea have brought to developing countries, or the humanitarian dimension of prisoners of war and children kidnapped by Russia from the parts of Ukraine it controls.
The vast majority of the more than 90 countries represented at the Burgenstock summit gave their support to the final declaration.
It was not possible to get 12 countries that participated in the summit (with low-level delegations instead of their heads of state) to sign the document, among them prominent regional leaders such as Brazil, Saudi Arabia, India, Indonesia and South Africa.
This – added to the absence of China, which in the past has presented its own peace proposals for Ukraine, or the last minute cancellation of the presence of Colombian President Gustavo Petro – indicates that support for Ukraine is not yet completely compact. at a global level.
These are the main points of the final communiqué reached at the summit in Switzerland.
1. A Russian war
Russia is considered responsible for starting the war against Ukraine in February 2022, with devastating consequencessays the document, which calls for putting an end to it through a “global” solution.
“The Russian Federation’s ongoing war against Ukraine continues to cause large-scale human suffering and destruction, as well as risks and crises with global repercussions,” the text states.
2. Territorial integrity of Ukraine
The signatory countries “reaffirm their support for the principles of sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all States, including Ukraine, within internationally recognized borders.
Russia currently controls about 20% of Ukrainian territory, including the Crimean peninsula, which it annexed in 2014.
3. Solutions for deported children and prisoners of war
The document also calls for the complete exchange of prisoners of war and for the return of thousands of children to Ukraine. deported to Russia and the territories it controls.
kyiv accused Moscow of having taken away nearly 20,000 children since the start of its invasion. Although the Kremlin claims that it moved them to protect them.
All prisoners of war must be released through a full exchange
“All prisoners of war must be released through a full exchange,” the final statement said.
“All illegally deported and displaced Ukrainian children, and all other Ukrainian civilians who were illegally detained, must be returned to Ukraine,” it added.
4. Nuclear safety in Zaporizhzhia, the largest plant in Europe
The summit demanded that Ukraine regain “full and sovereign” control of the Zaporizhia nuclear power plant, the largest in Europe, which is currently under Russian control.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) warned on several occasions of the risk of a major nuclear accident since the Russian military occupied this plant at the beginning of the war.
“Ukrainian nuclear power plants and sites, including the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, must operate safely under the full control of Ukraine,” the final statement said.
The signatory countries also expressed concern about the possibility of Russia using nuclear weapons.
“Any threat and use of nuclear weapons in the context of the current war against Ukraine is inadmissible,” they declare in the text.
5. Food safety
“Food security should in no case be instrumentalized. Ukrainian agricultural products should be delivered freely and safely to interested third countries,” the document adds.
Ukraine is one of the main exporters of grains and oilseeds in the world, but the Russian invasion paralyzed its exports through the Black Seaturned into a war zone.
“Free, complete and safe merchant navigation, as well as access to the ports of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, are essential,” they explain.
“The attacks on merchant ships in ports and on their sea routes, as well as against civilian ports and their infrastructure, are not unacceptable,” they add.
6. Include Russia in the negotiation process
The text also suggests that Russia should be included in future statements on a peace plan.
“We are convinced that, to achieve peace, the involvement and dialogue of all parties is needed,” the signatory countries emphasize.
The participants in the summit have “decided to initiate concrete actions in the future in the aforementioned areas, with the participation of representatives of all parties,” they conclude.
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