Julius Robert Oppenheimer was born on April 22, 1904 in New York, in the home of a German immigrant. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1927, he went to California to teach and do research at UC Berkeley and the Institute of Technology.
For twenty years Oppenheimer studied atomic energy processes in California. His contributions to quantum theory, the theory of relativity, cosmic rays, positrons and neutron stars brought him great fame in the international scientific community.
In August 1942, the Manhattan project was launched by the United States Army, in which a group of British and American scientists channeled their efforts to use nuclear energy for military purposes. The best person to establish the research laboratory that the project required was undoubtedly Oppenheimer.
In 1945 the Americans drop their bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and surrender to the Japanese. As director of the Institute for Advanced Studies and as advisor to the Atomic Energy Commission, he denounced the interference of politicians in the implementation of science and opposed the construction of the hydrogen bomb, which cost him his removal from office. He was rehabilitated in 1963. He died in Princeton on February 18, 1967.
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