The coup d’état this Monday (25) announced by the military in Sudan is just the latest in a long series in Africa in the last decade, as listed below:
2012
– MALI: on March 22, the military overthrew the regime of Amadou Toumani Touré. Led by Captain Amadou Haya Sanogo, a “National Committee for the Recovery of Democracy and the Restoration of the State” dissolved the institutions.
– GUINEA BISSAU: on April 12, a military coup d’etat interrupts the electoral process two weeks before the second round of the presidential election. Led by General Antonio Indjai, the coup plotters overthrew President Pereira and Prime Minister Gomes Júnior.
2013
– EGYPT: on July 3, after massive demonstrations for the departure of Mohamed Morsi, elected in 2012, the army deposed and arrested the then president.
2015
– BURKINA FASO: On September 17, less than a year after the fall of Blaise Compaoré, driven from power by a popular uprising, President Michel Kafando was overthrown in a coup led by an elite army unit. It regained its functions a week later, after an agreement between soldiers loyal to the government and the coup plotters.
2017
– ZIMBABWE: On November 21, President Robert Mugabe, the oldest leader on the planet at 93, resigned, under pressure from the army, his party and the population, after a week of crisis.
2019
– SUDAN: On April 11, Omar al Bashir, in power for 30 years, was removed by the army after four months of popular protests. A transitional council was created, and a civilian prime minister installed.
2020
– MALI: On August 18, President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita was deposed after several months of political crisis. The military coup gave way to international sanctions. These measures were suspended after the formation, on October 5, of a transitional government for an 18-month period to return power to civilians.
2021
– CHAD: On April 20, the day after President Idriss Déby Itno died, a transitional military council chaired by the son of the late President Mahamat Idriss Déby, then head of the powerful Presidential Guard, dissolved the government and the National Assembly. It promises new institutions, after “free and democratic” elections to be held in a year and a half.
Recently, General Déby has not ruled out the possibility of extending the 18-month transition if “certain conditions” are not met.
– MALI: On May 24, the military arrested the president and the prime minister, following the appointment of a new transitional government that they did not like. Colonel Assimi Goita was sworn in in June as transition president.
Initially, the colonels guaranteed that they would return power to civilians in early 2022. Now, however, they are expressing their willingness to postpone the elections scheduled for February 27. The West African Community of States (ECOWAS) demands that the calendar be adhered to, while the UN is concerned about the delay in elections.
– GUINEA: On September 5, President Alpha Condé was overthrown in a military coup. Led by Colonel Mamady Doumbouya, the coup plotters promise a national “consultation” aimed at a political transition to a “government of national unity”.
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