International Women’s Day is a commemorative date that was made official by the United Nations in the 1970s. This date symbolizes the historic struggle of women to have their conditions equal to those of men. Unlike other commemorative dates, International Women’s Day was not created by commerce.
Initially, this date referred to the demand for equal pay, but currently it symbolizes the struggle of women not only against wage inequality, but also against machismo and violence.
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The origin of the tribute dates back to a fire that happened in New York, on March 25, 1911. This fire happened at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company and killed 146 people, 125 women and 21 men. This story is considered one of the milestones for the establishment of Women’s Day. The event is significant, but it is important to state that International Women’s Day was not created by the influence of a tragedy, but by decades of women’s political engagement for the recognition of their cause.
In 1910, the Second International Congress of Socialist Women took place. At that event, Clara Zetkin, a member of the German Communist Party, proposed the creation of an International Women’s Day, without, however, stipulating a specific date. Zetkin was engaged in campaigns that defended women’s rights in the workplace. Her proposal aimed to enable the labor movement to give greater attention to the cause of working women.
Several protests and strikes had already taken place in Europe and the United States since the second half of the 19th century. The feminist movement and other women’s associations capitalized on these manifestations, in order to fit them, sometimes, to the revolutionary agenda. This is what happened on March 8, 1917, in Russia.
The year 1917, in Russia, was strongly marked by the revolutionary cycle that overthrew the tsarist monarchy. In this climate of revolutionary agitation, women workers in the weaving sector went on strike on March 8 and demanded the help of workers in the metallurgy sector. This date went down in history as a great achievement of working women and also as a harbinger of the Bolshevik Revolution.
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