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The country is heading on December 24 to an uncertain presidential election in which several sides continue to clash after more than ten years of war in the country. What has made Libya one of the starkest conflicts of the 21st century? What local and international interests are behind this war? We explain.
The violent death of Muammar al-Gaddafi at the hands of militiamen in 2011 marked a before and after for Libya. The dictator had dealt with the population with a heavy hand for 40 years and the same population, divided, rose up against him with the sole objective of overthrowing him. But what was thought was a revolution, in reality it was the beginning of a bloody war.
The country was divided into multiple militias with different interests, religions and doctrines, all clamoring for power. Several parallel governments were made, one led by General Khalifa Haftar and another supported by the UN, but even that one is accused of having committed all kinds of crimes against the civilian population.
The result of ten years of war is a failed state with hundreds of thousands of displaced people, murders and mass rapes committed on all fronts. In between, countries and international powers with specific interests and an active suspect in the country: the succulent oil fields of the African nation, now reduced to ruins.
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