The fall of Bashar Al Assad in Syria is a momentous event, putting an end to one of the most brutal dictatorships of the last half century. But it does not automatically mark the beginning of reconciliation and democracy. To be clear: the Middle East was and remains on a path of escalation, while Russia’s determination to annihilate Ukraine as an independent country is unlikely to be affected by its humiliation in Syria.
In Syria, violence, sectarianism and division are more likely scenarios than peace and stability, especially in the Kurdish-populated north, where Turkish coercion is likely to increase.
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