Document highlighted the Bolsonaro government’s “indifferent gaze” as one of the factors for the increase in violence
Brazil recorded a 16% increase in the number of invasions of indigenous lands in the year 2021, according to the annual report Violence Against Indigenous Peoples of Brazil, by Cimi (Conselho Indigenista Missionário).
According to the document, 2020 had 263 cases of invasion, which affected 201 Tis (Indigenous Lands) in 19 states. In 2021, Cimi pointed to 305 cases, which affected at least 226 lands in 22 states of the country. Here’s the intact of the report (9 MB).
The survey states that, in addition to the increase in the number of invasions, the presence and “truculence” of invaders also intensified.
As an example, the document mentioned the Yanomami land, in Roraima and Amazonas, where the invaders began to carry out armed attacks. “systematic” against communities. According to Cimi, more than 20,000 prospectors are estimated to be present at the site.
The report points out that the number estimated by SESAI (Special Secretariat for Indigenous Health) of invaders who occupied the Yanomami land could reach 28,000 people, the same as the indigenous population of the territory.
Compared to the previous year, 2021 saw an increase in 15 of the 19 categories of violence systematized by the publication had murders, 6 less than 2020.
Here is a table with the number of indigenous people killed in 2021 by state:
Public Power’s Omission
Just as the 2020 report cited the omission on the part of the public authorities as a factor for the increase in violence against indigenous peoples, the 2021 document also points out the negligence of the current management and the “indifferent gaze of the state” as one of the aggravating factors.
According to the text, the scenario of attacks on the territories and communities of native peoples is related to a “series of measurements” by the Executive Branch.
The report accuses the Bolsonaro government of favoring exploitation and the private appropriation of indigenous lands, in addition to criticizing the government’s action and its “allied base” to pass laws aimed at dismantling the constitutional protection of indigenous peoples.
The document cites theNormative Instruction 09″, published by Funai (National Indian Foundation) in the DOU (Official Federal Gazette) in 2020. According to Cimi, the instruction releases the certification of private properties on non-approved indigenous lands. Here’s the intact of the instruction (80 KB).
Mention is also made of a Joint Normative Instruction by Funai and Ibama (Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources), which started to allow the economic exploitation of ITs by organizations constituted by a “mixed composition” between indigenous and non-indigenous people.
In addition to the instructions, the report talks about the Bills 490/2007which wants to make new land demarcations unfeasible, and 191/2020which aims to free up mining on indigenous lands.
According to the council, actions such as PL 191 resulted in an increase in direct violence and affected “in an especially serious way” the Munduruku peoples, in Pará, and Yanomami, in Roraima and Amazonas.
“The Brazilian government encouraged illegal invasions and pressured public agents to take a stand in favor of the exploitation of indigenous lands, seeking to legalize them through legislative proposals authored by the government itself.”
The document also criticizes Funai, which, according to Cimi, “neglected” the application of the budget in the structure of the body, in order to satisfy “divergent interests” of indigenous peoples. The council also states that Funai received guidance from the Bolsonaro government.
This Wednesday (17.Aug.2022), the president Jair Bolsonaro (PL) stated that it follows the issue of indigenous reserves, but that “part of what is at stake” it is not in the interest of the native peoples, but an external interest in demarcating rich areas of Brazil.
The statement by the Chief Executive was given during a meeting with mayors who supported his candidacy.
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