He last year was the hotter of which there is a record, according to data from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The WMO Archive of Extreme Weather and Climate Events recorded two extreme temperatures of 48 degrees Celsius in 1977 for the cities of Athens and Eleusis in Greece, and in 2021, 48.8 in Sicily, Italy. On our continent, on March 16 of this year, 2024, Rio de Janeiro recorded a maximum temperature in some points of 50 degrees Celsius. He global warming It is a reality and the efforts of countries to mitigate it require the participation of the entire society, in a broad sense, including governments, international agencies and large transnational and national companies.
The consequences of climate change are diverse: they range from the extinction of flora and fauna to the escalation of phenomena such as crops that are affected as arable areas are reduced and livestock farming sees its grazing areas affected. In this regard, the World Bank's 2021 Groundswell report points to climate change as a factor in migration and predicts that high temperatures could cause the displacement of 216 million people from six regions of the world by 2050. Okay, without However, I consider that migration has multiplied fundamentally due to extreme poverty in vast regions of the planet. The lack of jobs, at times violence, that is, crime and internal wars and between countries.
On the other hand, the European Investment Bank carried out a survey in 2023 among 10,500 people from 13 Latin American countries (including Mexico), in order to know their opinion regarding the impact of climate change and about public policies. that their governments must adopt in the face of this phenomenon.
Inequality is a fundamental factor for migration, as I repeat, as is extreme poverty. Wars impact climate change, let's see what happens in the two great conflicts in the world today, Ukraine and the Middle East.
These massive migrations have, from my point of view, some impact due to climate change, such as floods, tornadoes or breaking off of hills, but fundamentally due to the poverty of a significant part of the world's population. Last year the floods in Libya caused more than 10,000 deaths, as do earthquakes in countries like Haiti and the same in Morocco and Syria.
The challenge is to reduce poverty and even more extreme poverty, the global structure of inequality, invest resources to improve infrastructure and strengthen international aid for the development of poor countries.
Therefore, from our sphere of competence, the work of the Supreme Audit Entities is essential to supervise the correct use of public resources and, through performance audits, to suggest better policies for the equal development of society. At OLACEFS, under the impetus of the ASF, we carried out a study to understand the progress in climate change, in which the SAIs of Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curacao, Ecuador participated. , Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Uruguay and Venezuela.
The results show, among other conclusions, that training, professionalization and cooperation between SAIs is essential to confront a global problem.
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He has held various professional and academic positions, including: Head of the Regional Coordination and Institutional Relations Unit of the Federal Authority for the Development of Special Economic Zones, Internal Comptroller, Federal Court of Fiscal and Administrative Justice, Auditor Special Federalized Expenditure, in the Superior Audit of the Federation, Head of the Coordination Unit with Federal Entities (of the SHCP Member of the Governing Board of the SAT General Coordinator of the work of the National Treasury Convention held in 2004 representing the Ministry of Finance Secretary of Finance of Oaxaca President of the National College of Economists Professor of Economic Policy, Public Sector Economics and State Finance at the UNAM Faculty of Economics, since 1978. Due to his outstanding experience as a public servant, as well as in In the academic field, the Senior Auditor has various publications, among which are: Equity and fiscal effort, the Mexican experience (2006) Citizen participation and social control (1994) Fiscal federalism in Mexico 1989-1994 (1994) Social factors and economics of corruption (1993).
Since 1979 he has collaborated for various local and national print media. Currently, he participates with opinion columns in important media such as El Financiero and the weekly Eje Central.
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