With more than 3.5 million cases recorded as of March, Latin America and the Caribbean face a potential “worst COVID season.” dengue”, driven by the El Niño climate phenomenon and climate change, warns the Pan American Health Organization (OPS) of the World Health Organization (WHO).
He denguetransmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, causes symptoms such as fever, headache and muscle pain, and in severe cases, it can be fatal. This year, the increase in cases is worrying, being three times more than in 2023.
The increase is observed throughout the region, especially in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, where the majority of transmission occurs in the first half of the year, during the warmest and rainiest months. In addition, countries such as Costa Rica, Guatemala and Mexico also report an increase in cases.
The presence of the mosquito vector has even been detected in areas where there was no record before, such as in Uruguay. The simultaneous circulation of Several serotypes of dengue increase the risk of epidemics and complications.
Factors such as population growth, unplanned urbanization and lack of adequate sanitation contribute to the problem. It is estimated that the 80 percent of mosquito breeding sites are in or near homesin objects that accumulate water.
To control transmission, eliminating breeding sites is essential, both in homes and public spaces. Although there are promising vaccines and technologies, such as the use of the Wolbachia bacteria, prevention by eliminating mosquito breeding sites. dengue remains the most effective measure.
The current vaccine against dengue It is limited in scope and a prolonged vaccination program is required to have a significant impact on transmission. On the other hand, the Wolbachia bacteria is in the pilot study phase.
Prevention and elimination of breeding sites are key to combating dengue, especially in a season with an alarming increase in cases. Being alert and taking appropriate measures can help protect the population against this mosquito-borne disease.
(With information from AFP)
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