A group of scientists compared two “photographs” of the universe: one of its first moments after the Big Bang and another of its current and visible configuration. The team found a discrepancy in its growth, according to the postulates of current physics. It happens that the universe is less “lumpy” than expected, and cosmic structures have been grouped more complex. According to the researchers, the data obtained suggest that the Cosmos has become “more messy and complicated” in the last 4,000 million years.
The study, conducted by the University of Pennsylvania and the National Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, was based on the information extracted from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and a luminous red galaxies mapping provided by the spectroscopic instrument of dark energy (DESI). As a whole, these data worked as a kind of space computed tomography that showed the behavior of the subject grouped in the great structures of the universe, such as galaxies, clusters and supercumulous.
The WBC is the remaining radiation of the Big Bang, which occurred 13.8 billion years ago. Thanks to this radiation, astronomers have an idea of what the universe was like in its early stages of evolution, from the amount of matter that there was to the geometry it had. On the other hand, the luminous red galaxies, being brilliant and consisting of their behavior, serve as reference points to study the contemporary universe. While a database is the “photography of the baby universe”, the other represents the snapshot of its “identification card” of the age of majority.
Dark energy in the agglomeration of the universe
In this superposition of images, a discrepancy appeared in agglomeration in giant structures. In their report, scientists conclude that the mapping plane is slightly less lumpy. “This could mean that cosmic structures have not evolved according to the predictions of early universe models and suggest that the structural growth of the universe may have slowed down in ways that current models cannot explain completely,” says the release from the University of Pennsylvania.
The agglomerations are understood as regions where matter in the form of galaxies is concentrated to be part of a cosmic network or web. For example, the Milky Way belongs to the local cluster. This in turn, forms the cluster of Virgo, then the supercumulus of Virgo and finally to Laniakea. The latter is a structure with around 100,000 different galaxies.
The deviation in the agglomeration of matter is not large enough to suggest the existence of a new physics, such as non -discovered elementary particles or forces, although it does offer clues about the role of dark energy in the evolution of the universe. This kind of energy, still theoretical and unknown in nature, could be responsible for acceleration in the expansion of the universe. It should not be confused with dark matter, those equally theoretical and still undetectable particles for human instruments that make up 70% of the total matter in space.
For researchers, dark energy could have a greater influence on the agglomeration of the matter of what is so far intuited. Its results were published in an article of the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. They will continue to investigate the universe with the same technique, but with more powerful and precise telescope databases in the future.
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