Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Emirates Astronomy Society, and member of the Arab Union for Space and Astronomy, Ibrahim Al-Jarwan, stated that the period from the beginning of June until the end of August is considered the hottest throughout the Arabian Peninsula, noting that the appearance of the “Pleiades” stars begins at dawn on June 7, and is considered “The first heat”, according to the Arabs, is a time of intense heat, when the daytime temperature exceeds 42 degrees Celsius.
In detail, Ibrahim Al-Jarwan said that the Arabs care about the time when the “Pleiades” rises at dawn, as it is a sign of the onset of “sweltering heat” and the intensity of the heat, and the Pleiades stars are seen starting at dawn on June 7 above the eastern horizon, and the Arabs say “the heat is from the rising of the Pleiades to the rising of Suhail.” “.
Al-Jarwan mentioned that it can be seen when it rises in the northeastern side, tilting about 25 degrees from the east towards the north here in the Emirates, and this side in (Deira) or the old navigational compass is called the Thuraya rising.
He pointed out that the people of Al-Anwa count the number of days of the “Pleiades Rising” or “the rising of the Pleiades during dawn” as 13 days, extending from June 7 to June 19, while the “Pleiades Season” includes the rising of the Pleiades and its satellite, Aldebaran, and extends from June 7. Until July 2.
In the middle of the “Pleiades Season,” the meridian shadow diminishes and disappears at the Tropic of Cancer, where the sun’s rays perpendicular to it, and the sun reaches its maximum tilt to the north with the summer solstice on June 21, and the day reaches its maximum length and the night its shortest in the northern hemisphere of the Earth.
He mentioned that the Arabs consider the “rising of the Pleiades” to be “the beginning of the heat.” The Arabs consider the heat to be a time of extreme heat, when temperatures are at their maximum, and winds are active (toxins), where temperatures during the day exceed 42 degrees Celsius and do not fall below 25 degrees Celsius at night, accompanied by The Arabs call it northwesterly summer winds (Al-Bawareh) or (Al-Bareh) winds. The Samom winds, which are dry, hot summer winds, also become active, and dust whirlwinds form.
Since the period from the beginning of June until the end of August is considered the hottest throughout the Arabian Peninsula, the Pleiades stars are considered the first hottest stars, as with the rise of the Pleiades stars at dawn on June 7, the “Pleiades season” begins and continues until July 2, when the winds become active and intensify. The heat, which is the first of the hot seasons, followed by the “Gemini and Marzam Season,” during which the heat is extremely intense and severe, from July 3 to August 10, during which the heat reaches its maximum, the drought is severe, and toxins are activated, which is the hot, dry wind, and finally, the “Suhail Season” from 11 August to September 5, during which the humidity increases with the intensity of the heat, the cous becomes active, and when Suhail comes out, the heat subsides.
The heat waves include heat waves in which temperatures rise by no less than 4 degrees Celsius above the normal rate, which the Arabs call “wagharat.” These waves occur repeatedly during the heat.
“The hottest days” are characterized by extreme heat and drought. From what the Arabs said about it: “When the Thuraya rises, the heat begins and the rainforests begin to arrive, and when Suhail rises, the rainforests depart and the hot weather begins.”
Among the agricultural people, hot weather/summer is considered the season for harvesting and reaping palm fruits. It is said: “Dhait hot” or “Al-Ain hot”, meaning the ripeness of the date, and according to them, some areas may wake up before other areas.
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