In China the communist party declared a new milestone for the giant state in 2020. In seven years, the Chinese military must be able to engage in “smart” warfare.
The Western Military Union, NATO, announced a new research and development program in April Diana.
It is an abbreviation of the words Defense Innovation Accelerator for the North Atlantic. The idea is to accelerate technologies related to the arms industry.
For the same reason, the Russian army began in 2013 as president Vladimir Putin on the order to form science companies.
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An example of the development of technology that serves both everyday life and warfare is the internet.
Research and the arms industry are almost always interconnected.
It is highlighted now that warfare relies more and more on computers and even artificial intelligence.
It has been argued that the robots struck on their own for the first time in 2020, when a flock of Libyan government planes tracked down and eliminated government opponents.
In the West, a total of 18 Nobel Prize-winning scientists have at some point received funding from the Western Military Alliance NATO. Let them be mentioned Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfieldwho significantly developed a general MRI scan in medicine.
A famous example of the development of technology that serves both everyday life and warfare is the internet.
Its initial form Arpanetin The construction was supported by the U.S. Armed Forces Science Funding Organization (ARPA) today Darpa.
Drones and independent cars are examples of the innovations Darpa has promoted.
NATO the new program focuses on deep technology. It means utilizing the microstructures of a substance in innovation.
President of the Technology Research Institute VTT Antti Vasara describes deep technology as the transition from bits to the level of atoms and molecules. It promotes new technologies such as protein production and quantum computers as well as bio-based recyclable materials.
There are seven deep technology areas in the NATO project. These are artificial intelligence, processing large amounts of data, quantum technologies, autonomous devices, biotechnology, new materials and space exploration.
The program will establish dozens of invention accelerators and test centers in member states of the military alliance. The nearest offices are in Estonia.
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“There is nothing military in the investigation. The results will be published. ”
Already the military alliance has a science program SPS or Science for Peace and Security Program. It includes research on advanced technologies from side to side, such as counter-terrorism, cyber defense and more.
“I had my first SPS-funded project a couple of years ago,” says the assistant professor Laura Ruotsalainen From the University of Helsinki. The SPS is also open to non-NATO members, unlike Diana.
The Swedish group is researching the improvement of indoor positioning with machine vision, deep mechanics and sharing location information among pedestrians.
As benefits, the researchers first mention the groups of rescuers who have to move around in awkward interiors.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki, the National Land Survey of Finland and the Norwegian Sintef Research Institute participated in the work. The project is managed by the NATO country Norway.
“For a researcher, the SPS program is one more sponsor and operates under the same rules as other funders. There is nothing military in the investigation. The results will be published, ”says Ruotsalainen.
The group last published the study in March. Experiments in Norway helped to refine the indoor positioning. There was room for improvement, as navigating the stairs was still difficult.
“NATO was pleased with the results. We received further funding. One feature of SPS-funded research is technology transfer. In our study, Finns and Norwegians transfer technology to each other. ”
Also Russia participated in the SPS program from 1992 to 2014.
The topics included the fight against terrorism, the detection of dangerous chemical, radioactive and biological substances, and the fight against oil spills in the Baltic Sea.
In the spirit of cooperation, NATO was supported by a physicist, among others Zhores Alferovia, (1930–2020), who won the Nobel Prize in 2000 for research on semiconductor structures. NATO froze scientific cooperation in 2014 because Russia occupied Ukraine’s Crimean peninsula.
In Ukraine has accumulated in abundance experience with the SPS program and other military science projects, especially after 2014.
The fight against cyber attacks has been studied a lot in Ukraine. Medical personnel have been trained. Other research areas include mine exploration and clearance, explosives and weapons detection, and energy security.
One issue has been the strengthening of equality in society. The integration of female soldiers into society after military service has been investigated.
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The unification of civilians and the military is now one of the slogans.
In China military programs serve the purpose of developing society by the president Xi Jinpingin is “the great rejuvenation of the Chinese people”Vby 2049, such as in the Congressional Security Report mentioned last year.
The goal is to reach and perhaps exceed the U.S. level economically and militarily. China sees the combination of military research and civilian research as a solution.
The Chinese have studied the experiences of other countries. Professor at the National Defense University of the Army Jiang Luming has calculated that in the United States and Germany, less than 15 percent of military technology is made for military use alone.
In other words, more than 85 percent have so-called dual-use technology that can also be utilized in the lives of civilians.
In China, 30 percent of military technology is purely military and 70 percent dual-use. The relationship has begun to change with the support and supervision of the highest state leadership.
Junín Rónghé that is, the unification of civilians and the military is now one of the slogans. The key technologies being developed are essentially the same as elsewhere.
These include artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, advanced computing, quantum computing and biotechnology, as well as advanced materials and manufacturing.
A lot of weight is given to artificial intelligence. Since 2020, the Chinese military has funded, among other things, machine learning applications, war games supported by artificial intelligence for training, and social media analysis.
In Russia The fifth science company in Moscow focuses on programming, information visualization, data collection and analysis automation. In addition, it develops decision support systems, database building, and 3D modeling.
The number three science company in the Krasnodar region of the Caucasus is researching nanomaterials and biotechnological systems. The page about the company is closed to outsiders.
However, information can be found in the science company number six, which also operates in the Krasnodar region. It examines cryptography, ie encryption, data protection and technical espionage.
According to data published by the Russian Ministry of Defense, there are a total of more than a dozen science companies.
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New technology is just one of many conditions for military success.
Total war is rapidly becoming more total. Behind the front, the feelings of economic misery and bombing were felt. Now there are also cyber-attacks and other warfare that is considered scientific.
However, technology also has its limitations in warfare. Technology only acts as an accelerator in a company when there is something to accelerate, wrote a US business researcher Jim Collins In 2001.
For example, the Vietnam War, which ended with the withdrawal of the United States, is suitable. The United States had the best jet fighters, combat helicopters, advanced weapons, computers, advanced communications technology, and kilometers of border control equipment.
However, Americans do not there was a clear and consistent view of what all the technology should have been used for.
After the publication of Collins ’book, the United States fought with even more advanced technology in Afghanistan for twenty years. Yet it had to withdraw from Afghanistan, the third outsider to try to rule the country after Britain and the Soviet Union.
In everything in its splendor, new technology is just one of many conditions for military success, scientists have warned over the years.
Political, economic and moral factors must also be in place.
Read more: Automatic killers have already been able to carry out their first mission in Libya – artificial intelligence does not need people to go to war
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