FAO: ‘Diversity in crops provides alternatives to address hunger and malnutrition’

On May 22, 2024, the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) in Palmira, Colombia, hosted a regional consultation organized by FAO and CIATfocused on the review of the Second Global Plan of Action for Plant Genetic Resources. This meeting brought together experts from Latin America and the Caribbean to discuss strategies that promote food security and agricultural sustainability.

Mario Lubetkin, Deputy Director General of FAO for Latin America and the Caribbean, opened the session together with Juan Lucas Restrepo, Director General of the Alliance of Biodiversity International and CIAT, and Dan Leskien, Official of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Lubetkin underlined FAO’s commitment to the Strategic Framework 2022-2031 and the 2030 Agenda, highlighting the need to transform agri-food systems towards more resilient and sustainable models.

The Crop genetic diversity, including grains, legumes, vegetables and fruits, is essential for sustainable agricultural production and food security. These plant genetic resources allow crops to adapt to environmental and socioeconomic changes, offering vital protection against pests and diseases. However, genetic erosion, driven by preference for modern varieties, puts this crucial diversity at risk.

Currently, more than 80% of the food consumed comes from plants, but less than 7% of plant species are used for human consumption. This limited genetic diversity represents a significant risk to global food security and the ability to adapt to climate change. Lubetkin urged promoting greater use of crop diversity, including nuts, mushrooms and legumes, to take advantage of the opportunities that biodiversity provides in the fight against hunger and malnutrition.

During the consultation, evidence-based policies and the need for regular evaluations to guide future action were discussed. The conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources were central themes, highlighting the importance of collaborative initiatives between governments, international organizations and research institutions.

The event concluded with a call to strengthen regional and global cooperation to protect and sustainably use crop genetic diversity. This collaboration is essential to address food security and nutrition challenges, ensuring a more sustainable and resilient future for farming communities around the world.