A recent study suggests that zone D” at the boundary between the Earth’s core and mantle may have formed following a enormous planetary impact. Researchers Dr. Qingyang Hu of the Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research and Dr. Jie Deng of Princeton University have presented new insights into the origins of this mysterious area of our planet.
The fascinating area D”
Zone D”, located approximately 3,000 kilometers away depth, is characterized by considerable heterogeneity: its thickness varies significantly in different points, until it disappears in some areas. These irregularities have aroused great interest among geophysicists. According to the new model proposed by scientists, the particular composition of this area could be the result of the consequences of a catastrophic impact in which an object the size of Mars struck the early Earth, generating a vast ocean of magma.
The scientists’ work not only offers a plausible explanation for the peculiarities of the “D” zone, but also opens new avenues to better understand it history and the internal structure of our planet.
Dr. Deng highlighted a significant presence of water in this magma ocean, the origin of which is still a matter of debate. Leading theories suggest that the water may have been created by reactions between the nebula’s gases and magma, or been delivered directly by comets. “The prevailing idea,” Deng explains, “is that water concentrated toward the bottom of the magma ocean as it cooled. In the later stages, the magma near the core may have contained volumes of water comparable to today’s Earth’s oceans.”
Unusual chemical reactions
The extreme conditions of pressure and temperature in the deepest part of the magma ocean favored it chemical reactions unusual between water and minerals. “Our research suggests that these conditions promoted the formation of an iron-rich phase called iron-magnesium peroxide,” Hu said. This peroxide, with the formula (Fe, Mg)O2, accumulated in layers that could vary up to tens of kilometers in thickness.
Research suggests that the iron peroxide, formed from ancient water in the magma ocean, played a crucial role in creating the heterogeneous structures of the D zone.” This strong affinity of peroxide for iron creates a sharp density contrast between iron-rich areas and the surrounding mantle, functioning as an insulator and thus explaining the persistent heterogeneity observed at the base of the lower mantle.
Does it surprise you that planetary collisions played such an important role in the formation of the Earth? Write in comments what do you think!
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