Closing the framework of the Second World War, in the final stretch, the nuclear campaign intensified, in which the Nazi forces and The United States was determined to control the world’s most destructive weapons: nuclear bombs.
(Read: Poland: they discover remains of 8,000 victims of Nazi terror)
Beginning in 1943 in New Mexico and finally detonating these devices in early August 1945, the race was “won” by North America, which, at the same time, would mean the end of the war that was already in its sixth year.
It was thanks to the Manhattan project that the best scientists in the United States and Europe, who fled from the clutches of Hitler, found refuge and work in Los Alamos to build the bomb and that after winning the war allowed some of them the greatest recognition in physics or chemistry.
The leader of that project was Robert Oppenheimer, who with a hundred intellectuals who supported his work such as Lawrence, Seaborg or McMillan, led Los Alamos, despite his marked communist thoughts, which Teller hardly emphasized in some hearings of conscience against Oppenheimer.
Many times against the projects of the nation, especially the development of the hydrogen bomb authorized by Truman in the 1950s, the expert was always devoted to his country, contributing greatly to the development of the time.
As they were?
Made up of Uranium-235 and Plutonium-239, the materials were obtained from some plants in the southern and central United States, allowing a speed for its creation in the mid-40s.
Even so, the big problem was the design, since the previous calculations of Emilio Serge, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1959, left as a result that in case of merging both Uranium and Plutonium, they could result in a predetonation of the artifacts in an inefficient and inefficient.
In the presence of the conflict, Luis Álvarez, Nobel Prize in 1968, agreed to participate in the project, who estimated an implosion strategy for greater effectiveness of the plutonium bomb, creating its detonator due to its complexity. He needed a test detonation in New Mexico, which later allowed the launch of Fat Man, the bomb that would fall on Nagasaki.
Such was the impact of this explosive, that compared to the test carried out by North Korea in 2006, the estimates were half a kiloton, well below the 20 reported by Fat Man. This means that the North Korean bomb was barely detonated 500 tons of TNT, equivalent to half a kiloton.
This led to the estimation of failures in the implosion and the use of the detonator by analysts, who suspected problems in conducting the Korean test at the beginning of the 21st century.
the testing moment
With an already well-formed team, which culminated in 1943 with the arrival of Kenneth Bainbridge, on July 16, 1945, in a New Mexico desert on the Day of the Dead, the developers carried out the test, cataloged as successful and that consequently, it would allow the attack on the Japanese army that same year.
200 kilometers from the scientific base, the experts celebrated and confirmed the power that they were capable of creating, generating fear in themselves and later alleging hatred and repudiation of weapons of this style, which they refused to develop.
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