On January 21, a celestial event caught the attention of many: meteorite fragments fell near Berlin, caused by the impact of asteroid 2024 BX1. Thanks to the alarm issued by NASA an hour and a half before impact, hundreds of people and the scientific community were already ready to observe this astronomical spectacle.
Discovery and tracking of asteroid 2024 BX1
Asteroid 2024 BX1 was discovered by Hungarian astronomer Krisztián Sárneczky, who immediately alerted the Minor Planet Center. In a very short timethe trajectory and size of the object were confirmed thanks to cooperation between observatories across Europe, demonstrating the effectiveness of the global surveillance system.
Although considered not harmful due to its size, the impact of the 2024 BX1 highlights the importance of a early detection. This episode reminds us how vital it is to have efficient systems to detect and monitor near-Earth objects (NEOs).
Challenges for astronomy: light pollution preventing meteorite discovery
Light pollution and radio interference caused by satellites not only threaten astronomical research, but also raise environmental concerns related to debris generated by their re-entry into the atmosphere. The expansion of artificial satellite constellations by companies like SpaceX is causing concern among astronomers. These satellites, intended to provide global internet coverage, could hamper the ability to detect near-Earth objects that are critical to planetary security.
A report from the International Astronomical Union (IAU) highlights how the excessive number of satellites can negatively impact astronomy, limiting the ability to observe critical phenomena such as NEO asteroids. In particular, satellite traffic complicates observation during twilight, the optimal time to spot these celestial threats.
Although advanced technology, such as the Vera C. Rubin telescope being built in Chile, promises to be decisive in the discovery of asteroids in the coming years, the growing presence of satellites could seriously compromise its effectiveness. Meredith Rawls of the University of Washington, who is working on the telescope’s software, emphasizes the importance of development algorithms capable of differentiation asteroid signals from light interference caused by satellites.
The IAU is working with SpaceX and other operators to develop measures that reduce the impact of satellites, such as making them less bright. Despite efforts, no operator has yet managed to reduce the brightness within the suggested limits, which would allow a less disturbed view of the night sky.
Have you ever wondered how the expansion of satellite constellations might affect our ability to observe the universe? Write in the comments what you think!
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