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53 years ago, Bangladesh achieved independence from Pakistan, after a war that claimed almost 3 million lives. Since then, this nation has emerged as one of the most dynamic economies in Asia. Its thriving textile sector, which contributes more than $55 billion annually, has positioned Bangladesh as the second largest clothing exporter in the world, just after China. France 24 takes a closer look at this young country that has embraced globalization.
It is a story that has remained silent. On the night of March 25, 1971, the Pakistani Army unleashed a violent repression on the city of Dhaka, the current capital of Bangladesh, which was then part of East Pakistan. This brutal act was intended to quell an incipient nationalist movement that was calling for independence. Soldiers broke into the dormitories of students and professors at the city's University, forcibly removed them blindfolded, and executed them. Simultaneously, in other areas of the city, soldiers attacked a police station and opened fire on civilians in the streets.
Hours later, amid chaos and violence, in the early hours of March 26, 1971, nationalist political leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman proclaimed independence, thus triggering a war that would last nine months. During the conflict, the Pakistani army clashed with guerrillas, resulting in the loss of more than three million lives and the displacement of ten million people to neighboring India. Finally, on December 16, 1971, the Pakistani army surrendered and accepted partition, officially recognizing Bangladesh as an independent country.
Despite the difficult first years of independence, marked by famine and military regimes, Bangladesh has undergone a remarkable transformation. The country has emerged as one of the fastest growing economies in Asia, thanks in large part to sectors such as the textile industry. The abundant, qualified and economical workforce has been a determining factor in this success. Today, millions of people have managed to escape poverty.
With its 4,500 factories supplying millions of people around the world, Bangladesh has become fully immersed in globalization. The textile industry, which contributes more than $55 billion annually to Dhaka, has established the South Asian country as the second largest exporter in this sector worldwide, just behind China.
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