The proposals for the women in the electoral platforms of the political partiesthey privilege what is related to social rights, political rights and gender demands, putting matters related to gender in a marginal place. employment well paid. The candidates offer scholarships, support, build roads, pave some streets, forgetting that the center of the welfare of families lies in having a salary base or income sufficient for a decent life. The proposals forget that it is necessary to improve the economyand of Sinaloa It is not in the best condition.
The National Occupation and Employment Survey at the end of 2023shows an unfavorable situation of the women that join the labor markets of Culiacan. The unemployment rate is estimated at 3.5 percent for them, but there is something very revealing: more than 60 percent of those who do not have a job and are looking for one have high school and a bachelor's degree, 42 percent of those who work lack access to health services, but the most worrying thing is that their income levels are very poor.
Of the total women who work in the city of Culiacanonly a third have incomes greater than two minimum wagethe remaining two thirds work in critical conditions, and even 24 percent of them do so without pay in Family business.
Doesn't this reality deserve a diagnosis and a proposal to dignify the role of women in the productive system that allows them to achieve a true quality of life, which they will not obtain with government handouts? Of course yes, especially because Culiacán has been losing economic weight in the state as a whole, compared to the growth momentum of Mazatlán and Los Mochis.
A study titled Economic decline of Culiacán and precariousness of female employment, by Ana Ibarra and Itzel Guevara, will soon be released on this issue, contained in the collective book Mujeres Sinaloenses. Social identities in construction coordinated by Ana Luz Ruelas and Silvia Evelyn Ward, which will appear in May under the editorial seal of the Pedagogical University of the State of Sinaloa and Tirant Lo Blanch, where this reality is realized. We share with the readers of the Debate some passages from that text.
Our analysis showed (…) that workers' income begins to deteriorate because labor formality does not advance and gives way to an impoverished labor market. Directly with the neoliberal reurbanization that Culiacán is experiencing, an intensification of flexible labor markets and the reconfiguration of the state system of cities, job insecurity grew. There is a high correlation between labor informality and small establishments with workers, the need for medical care or to complement survival expenses depends on the social programs of the federal and state governments. In these changes, women are the most affected. Although they increase their labor participation, they do so under disadvantageous conditions. They earn less than men, they are overwhelmingly concentrated in the service sector and in the lowest income strata. The ENOE and the economic censuses show that, although there is some progress in labor formality, income and the quality of work decrease, making Culiacán a revanchist city, that is, making women pay the most negative consequences of their underdevelopment.
We are aware that this is not a one-day task, but we see a cohort of candidates in this 2024 election, who can make a difference in promoting and designing programs for an innovative economy that dignifies women's work, among whom we see María Teresa Guerra Ochoa, Paola Gárate Valenzuela, Stephany Rea Réatiga, Roxana Rubio Valdez, Geraldine Bonilla Valverde, Angélica Díaz Quiñonez, Yadira Santiago Marcos, Elizabeth Montoya Ojeda, who, apart from political parties, must unite in this common cause.
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