Ahmed Mourad (Cairo)
During the summer months, we often hear or read about what is known as the “India Seasonal Depression”, which is accompanied by hot weather that dominates large areas of the continents of Asia, Africa and Europe… What is this depression?… And what are its effects on the weather on the three continents?
hot air
Meteorologists and meteorologists know the India monsoon depression as an “extremely hot air mass” coming from India, passing through the Arabian Peninsula and the Arab Gulf states, and causing a sharp rise in temperatures in many Asian, African and European countries.
The seasonal India depression results from the intensity of the severe solar radiation that heats the air over the land, while the adjacent water bodies remain clearly and noticeably cool, which leads to a decrease in the density of air in the land areas, with a decrease in the value of the surface atmospheric pressure, and eventually forms Seasonal Indian Low.
Rain, wind and heat
The India monsoon depression pushes the humid monsoon winds to large parts of India, and causes very heavy amounts of rain, and at the same time contributes to the rush of dry and very hot winds towards the Arabian Peninsula, which is called the “Al-Bawarih Winds”.
At a time when India’s monsoon depression attracts the monsoon winds known as “monsoon winds” to India and Southeast Asia, on the other hand, it leads to a significant rise in temperatures in the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant and Iraq, and the temperature in Iraq and western Iran may exceed 50°C during most of the summer.
India’s seasonal depression also causes Egypt to be exposed to very hot waves, and it also causes heat waves in the eastern Mediterranean regions, Turkey and parts of the European continent, especially southern and eastern, and India’s seasonal depression usually records low atmospheric pressure values that may reach during the month of July to less than 995 millibars. .
Peak..June and July
The seasonal India depression is formed over India and southern Arabia during the month of April of each year, and with the passage of time its effects on the weather increase, especially in the months of June and July, and during this period it controls a large area of the Arabian Peninsula, India, the northern Arabian Sea and Turkey, and in the month of August its impact area increases more and more until it includes some areas in the north of the African continent, the European continent and parts of the Asian continent.
As of September of each year, the Indian seasonal depression begins to weaken, reduce its impact, and lose its centers in North Africa, Europe and Siberia.
4 centers
India’s seasonal depression is divided into 4 main centers or parts, namely: the first center is located in northern India, the second center is located in the Empty Quarter desert, and is called the “Arab thermal depression”, and the third center is located in Iraq and Kuwait, and is called the “Center of Arabia”. The fourth center is located in the Al-Jawf region and sometimes in eastern Jordan, and it is called the “Saudi thermal depression.” Other sub-centers of the India monsoon are found in Sudan, Turkey, Siberia and parts of the European continent.
40°C
Egypt is affected by India’s seasonal depression to a lesser degree than the neighboring countries, and this is due to several reasons, most notably the geographical location of Egypt, and with the passage of the depression over the Mediterranean Sea, there is an adjustment in the air mass and thus an adjustment in its temperature.
Humidity rates increase as a result of India’s seasonal depression, which increases the feeling of the weather’s heat in the north of Egypt, and in the south the weather is very hot due to the transfer of air mass to the depression from the Arabian Peninsula, where temperatures rise, and the maximum temperature that can be recorded in Egypt due to India’s seasonal depression ranges Between 38 degrees to 40 degrees Celsius.
90% humidity
India’s seasonal depression causes the formation of a very hot air mass, and when this mass passes over the Mediterranean Sea, its temperature decreases, but it carries large amounts of water vapor, which leads to a significant rise in humidity, and humidity may exceed 90%, which Increases the sensation of temperature, and causes intense perspiration.
Agricultural crop stings
Many agricultural crops and summer fruits are affected by India’s seasonal depression, as the rate of scaling decreases from mangoes, olives, and dates, and increases the chances of fruit stings from pomegranate and mango.
Other agricultural crops such as rice, maize, soybean and cotton are also affected, as the size of almonds is less in cotton and the cob is less in corn.
#Indian #raises #temperature #continents