This week began the deadline defined by the Federal Revenue for the submission of Income Tax (IR) statements. Who needs to declare? What documents are needed? What goods and services should I include? Accountant Fabiano Azevedo, from Omie, a Business Resource Planning (ERP) platform, answers these and other questions.
The accountant explains that the first step is to download the Income Tax program from the IRS, where the declaration must be completed and sent by April 29. This year, the mandatory IR declaration for taxpayers who received emergency aid will be for those who had taxable income and added up exceeds the value of R$28,559.70.
Who needs to declare?
- People with taxable income above R$28,559.70;
- Taxpayers who received exempt and non-taxable income above R$40 thousand;
- Taxpayers who, until the end of the previous calendar year, had assets in excess of R$300 thousand;
- Who obtained annual gross revenue, resulting from rural activity, above the limit of R$142,798.50;
- Who, during the previous calendar year, made a capital gain on the sale of goods;
- Who carried out operations with stock exchanges;
- Who opted for exemption in the sale of property to acquire another within a maximum period of 180 days;
- Who moved to Brazil during the previous calendar year.
What documents are needed?
CPF, proof of residence, voter registration, last statement of annual adjustment of the IR (if any), bank details and name, CPF and date of birth of dependents, alimony and spouse (if any).
“There is the possibility of some additional documents, which will depend on each person’s financial transactions. For example, proof of income provided by paying sources, report of income from banks, brokers and other financial institutions, proof of carnê-leão with the due DARFs paid (in the case of taxpayers who receive rents, for example) and report of income from the spouse and dependents,” says the accountant.
What goods and services should be included?
Only goods with a value above R$ 300 thousand are mandatory in the declaration. “In general rules, goods are not taxed, but they need to be included in the annual income tax adjustment statement. This form allows the Federal Revenue to monitor the evolution of the taxpayer’s assets, including comparing whether the declared income was sufficient or not for this growth”, said Fábio.
In services, the accountant recommends the inclusion of documents that can help to reduce the tax payable, such as proof of expenses with education of the holder and dependents, invoices and receipts that prove expenses with the health of the taxpayer and his dependents (medical and dental appointments, health plans and laboratory tests), supplementary social security and alimony.
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How to increase the refund or decrease the amount payable to the Revenue?
“When declaring the goods, the taxpayer will inform the Federal Revenue about its patrimonial evolution and, if he sells any good with capital gain in the future, as a general rule, he will pay tax. But when there is a purchase of services to improve the good, depending on the expense, the taxpayer can add to the value of the good to reduce the tax payable at the time of sale with capital gain, so accounting for the investment becomes more favorable”, he says. the accountant.
To improve the refund amount or reduce the amount payable, Fábio indicates “to analyze the most economical statement format (whether by simplified discount or legal deductions) and not include children who receive pension as dependents. If the spouse has taxable income, it is usually more feasible not to file a joint declaration so as not to add the income and the holder to move up the tax band, and to account for expenses with reforms to avoid, in the future, the payment of IR on capital gains if the property is sold,’” he explains.
How to add dependents?
In the case of dependents, the full name, date of birth and CPF must appear on the IR – since 2020 the Federal Revenue requires the document, regardless of age.
According to Azevedo, not all people who live together can be declared as dependents. According to the accountant, enter:
- Partner with whom the taxpayer has a child or has lived for more than 5 years, or a spouse;
- Child or stepchild up to 21 years of age;
- Child or stepchild studying at a higher level or technical school of 2nd degree, up to 24 years of age;
- Child or stepchild, at any age, when physically and/or mentally incapacitated for work;
- Sibling, grandchild or great-grandchild without parental support, of which the taxpayer has legal custody until the age of 21;
- Sibling, grandchild or great-grandchild without parental support, aged up to 24 years old if still attending a higher education or technical school of 2nd grade, provided that the taxpayer has held his judicial custody until 21 years old;
- Sibling, grandchild or great-grandchild without parental support, of which the taxpayer has legal custody at any age, provided that he is physically and mentally incapacitated for work;
- Poor minor up to 21 years old, of whom the taxpayer has judicial custody, raise and educate;
- Absolutely incapable person of whom the taxpayer is guardian or curator.
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