In the agricultural heart of Mexico, the cornfields represent a traditional agri-food system which combines corn, beans, pumpkins and edible herbs. This ancestral model not only offers a rich variety of nutritious foodsbut also plays a crucial role in the biodiversity conservation.
Milpas, far from the predominant monoculture, promote diversified production that is essential for adaptation to specific agroecological conditions and resistance to pests and diseases.
Mexico is home to numerous varieties of corn, whose vibrant colors are a testament to its rich biodiversity. However, the expansion of intensive agriculture and monoculture practices put this genetic diversity, fundamental for resilience to climate change, at risk.
To counter these challenges, the FAO, the GEF and CONABIO have joined forces in an innovative project aimed at revitalizing traditional agricultural systems such as the milpa. This effort has resulted in the creation of 77 community and family seed banks, benefiting more than 1,444 farmers. These initiatives have not only improved agrobiodiversity management, but have also fostered the resilience of local agroecosystems.
In terms of nutrition, the recovery of traditional agricultural practices is vital to combat overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases in Mexico. The Mexican diet has been increasingly influenced by ultra-processed foods, reducing the variety and quality of the diet. Cornfields, by offering a diverse range of products, can help reverse this trend, promoting a more balanced and nutritious diet.
The project has also included market studies and marketing campaigns in six Mexican states. These actions have increased the demand for products that represent agrobiodiversity, creating a virtuous link between producers and consumers. By valuing native foods and their origin, a more sustainable market is fostered and farmers are incentivized to continue diversified production practices.
The impact of these initiatives is significant: in just five years, nearly 10,000 Mexican producers have strengthened their capacities to conserve and manage their agrobiodiversity. Additionally, these practices have had a direct effect on approximately 5,200 hectares and an indirect impact on more than one million hectares.
Revitalizing traditional agri-food systems not only protects biodiversity, but also supports Mexico’s food and nutritional security. The continued collaboration between FAO, GEF and CONABIO ensures that these efforts continue, building a more sustainable and healthy future for the country’s rural and urban communities.
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