The results of the new study conducted by the Ministry of Equality From Spain they have reflected an increase in people who feel discriminated against by their racial or ethnic origin, from 31% in the year 2020 to 33% in 2024. The general director of equal treatment and non -discrimination, Beatriz Carrillo, said in the presentation of the report that “racism, discrimination and xenophobia are not isolated made, but have historical and structural roots.” He has also warned of the rise of political speeches that promote racial supremacy and xenophobia: “there is an increase in racial hate speeches, which makes this manifest these forms of discrimination more openly.”
The study details that people who claim to suffer discrimination due to their skin color or physical features have increased to 61%, while those who claim to suffer from their customs or cultural practices (36%) decrease. In addition, discrimination experiences, gender identity and/or sexual orientation have increased.
The time to access a home remains when more people declare to feel discriminated (27.5%), followed by access to public places (22%), where the Afro -descendant population, the African black and the gypsy are the ones who report the most they have lived situations of discrimination and claim to have suffered surveillance and follow -up once they manage to be in those places. Also in police treatment (20%). In addition, situations of school segregation and harassment have been identified in the educational field, to which the administrative obstacles with which they are as the difficulty in registering, and all this restricts access to multiple basic rights and services are added.
According to the report, men suffer more discriminatory situations in public places, with 12.5% that indicated that they have not let them enter discos, bars or restaurants; 24.2% say they have received bad looks in shops or shopping centers and 15.9% say they have been insulted by the street. Meanwhile, women identify these situations in private spaces such as housing and in educational or health spaces. 24.15% of women surveyed indicate having suffered some situation of sexual violence for racial or ethnic reasons, especially Latin American white women.
One of the most alarming data in the report is the impact of discrimination on the mental health of the victims. “47% of those who suffer racism report psychological consequences such as depression, anxiety and stress,” according to Carrillo. The survey reflects the infrastation of discrimination victims: only 22.4% of affected people decide to file a complaint. “Many people do not report because they believe it will not serve anything or because it simply does not know how to do it,” the director has lamented.
52% of respondents claim to have lived in the previous twelve months at least one situation that could be described as a crime of hate. The proportionally most affected groups are the African black (17%) and North African non -Arab (13%). During the conversation after the presentation, various activists and representatives of racialized groups shared testimonies about the barriers and abuses they face in their day to day. Among them were Francine Gálvez, Xirou Xiao, Fernando Macías-Aranda, Sara Belbeida and Rosalía Polo. Xirou Xiao, from the Chinese diaspora in Spain, reported how many families in their community suffer violence and discrimination in their businesses. “My mother was thrown beer in the head during a robbery. How did we channel that anger?” He asked.
The study raises a series of proposals to improve the situation, including reinforcing the protection of victims, implementing preventive measures from the educational field and promoting the representation of racialized persons in institutions and media. “Racism corrodes the bowels of our society and erodes our coexistence.
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