Staying in space for long periods of time can lead to brain damage in astronauts, according to a new study at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. A report in the Daily Mail newspaper suggested that university researchers found the evidence after observing five Russian astronauts. All these astronauts reportedly stayed on the International Space Station for over 150 days and were found to have some anomaly after comparing their blood samples before and after their stay.
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Speaking to the Daily Mail, Henrik Zetterberg, professor of neuroscience and author of the study, said they have gained concrete evidence that proves that astronauts who live for a long time in space can result in damage to brain cells. These results were produced from blood samples collected between four years, that is, 2016 and 2020, when cosmonauts arrived and left the ISS with an average stay of 169 days. According to the Daily Mail, researchers collected blood samples from the astronauts 20 days before their arrival on the ISS and after a maximum of 21 to 25 days when they landed on Earth.
After analyzing the blood samples, the scientists found five biomarkers or five signals that suggested abnormal brain function. Although the effects occur at different points in time, the astronauts had a fluid shift in their brain that occurred during their time in space, said the study published in the journal JAMA Neurology.
In addition, the study results showed that brain scans revealed deteriorations in areas related to movement and information processing, along with changes in areas associated with aging. In addition, the research team found that the lack of gravity in space leads to the accumulation of brain fluids at the base of the brain as the brain tries to float inside the skull. Experts say this can even lead to a condition called Space Flight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome, which results in a change in vision.
So far, Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov has a record of 437 days in space, followed by NASA’s Scott Kelly, who spent 340 days in space between 2015 and 2016.
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