The Ministry of Social Security is developing the draft royal decree with which it plans to regulate access to the new early retirement in occupations with greater danger, hardship, toxicity or unhealthiness. The coefficients that are to be defined in an upcoming regulation will shorten the retirement age of interested parties: employees, self-employed workers and public sector workers. During the coming months, the Administration must prepare a series of reports so that four ministries can elect the sectors that may choose to retire from the age of 52as is the case with miners, flight personnel or sea workers.
The minister of the branch, Elma Saiz, must appoint, within three months from the publication of the decree, the representatives of four ministries that will be part of the so-called Evaluation Commission: the portfolios of Social Security, Labor, Public Service and Finance, accompanied by members of the social agents, they must face the flood of anticipated requests in the text itself.
The group will receive a series of reports on the impact of the physical or psychological requirement of each occupation on morbidity or accident ratesas well as the consequences caused by these jobs carried out by employees, self-employed and also in the public sector. The standard distinguishes, in this way, between jobs with high mortality after a certain age and those that produce these effects at the expense of age.
The recognition of early retirement from the age of 52 already applies to various labor groups, such as mining workers, flight personnel in aerial work, railway employees, bullfighting artists, public firefighters, members of police forces such as the Ertzaintza, Local Police , Mossos d’Esquadra and the Foral Police of Navarra.
Several professional groups, such as housekeepers – called ‘kellys’ –, caregivers or professional drivers have been present in the months of negotiation as possible sectors that could join the nine that are already opting for early retirement and will benefit from the benefits. coefficients reducing the retirement age, an advance that will determine a regulation planned for its development next year.
It will not be a ‘silver bridge’
In any case, it is important to point out that the new early retirement will not be a generality. The procedure must start with the request and justification of the objective circumstances by the business and union organizations in the case of employees and the self-employed. In public employees, the most representative union will be the one who must submit the application and the relevant reports. Although Social Security may act ex officio at the request of some of the parties, it explains the rule to which it has had access elEconomista.es.
The regulation of reducing coefficients prepared by the Ministry of Social Security will foreseeably include different advances according to the impact of the danger, hardship, toxicity or unhealthiness of each sectoras well as objective indicators on casualties or mortality. It will not be a silver bridge towards the massive retirement of thousands of workers before the age of 65 or 67. The Executive will have one year from the approval of the decree to prepare this regulation, which will be reviewed every ten years.
The beneficiary must prove a minimum period of activity in the sector and will only be able to access early retirement if they cannot be relocated to an alternative position. Therefore, it will not be a free pass for all workers in sectors that have the door open to the early modality from a minimum of 52 years of age.
To assume the cost, the worker and the company will be required to additional social contribution that compensates for the years of advance “in order to maintain the financial balance of the system”. Social Security considers the adjustments made to social contributions for common contingencies (which will be specific to each group) sufficient for the reform to have a neutral impact and should not be financed through taxes or other items.
They only project a administrative cost of 163,739 euros derived from the processing of the “high” number of applications waiting in a tight period of time, according to the economic report that accompanies the draft royal decree.
The text has left pending an analysis of the groups that already benefit from early retirement, a selection of sectors that has created anomalous situations: there is the Mossos, but not the National Police or the Civil Guard; Firefighters and railway workers in the private sector are also excluded, and not their peers in the public sector. The decree does not talk about the average life expectancy after retirement, an element that actuaries consider key to determining the increase in contributions during working life.
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